includes() JavaScript String Method – How to Check If a String Includes a Substring

Whenever you use includes() on a string, the method does the following:

1. It checks if the calling string includes the method’s first argument.
2. It returns true if the string includes the argument. Otherwise, it returns false.

Note

• A calling string is a string on which you used includes(). So, in "Hello, world!".includes("world"), "Hello, world!" is the calling string.
• includes() is sometimes written as String.prototype.includes() because it is a method of the String object’s prototype property.

Syntax of the includes() Method

includes() accepts two arguments. Here is the syntax:

callingString.includes(valueToFind, startIndex);

Note

The includes() method is case-sensitive. You can use the search() method to do a case-insensitive search.

Argument 1: valueToFind

A valueToFind is the first argument accepted by the includes() method. It defines the value you wish to find in the calling string.

Example 1: Check if a given string includes "day"

"SunDay, Tuesday, and Friday are good Days".includes("day");

// The invocation above will return: true

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Example 2: Check if a given string includes "DAY"

"SunDay, Tuesday, and Friday are good Days".includes("DAY");

// The invocation above will return: false

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The snippet above returned false because the includes() method is case-sensitive. You can use the search() method to do a case-insensitive search.

Example 3: Check if a given string includes 3

"Day1, day-3, and day 6 are good Days".includes(3);

// The invocation above will return: true

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Argument 2: startIndex

The startIndex argument is optional. It specifies the index position where you want the computer to start searching for the valueToFind argument.

Note

The startIndex argument’s default value is 0. Therefore, if omitted, the search will begin at index 0.

Example 1: From the 13th index position, check if a given string includes "day"

"SunDay, Tuesday, and Friday are good Days".includes("day", 13);

// The invocation above will return: true

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Example 2: From the 1st index position, check if a given string includes "Sun"

"SunDay, Tuesday, and Friday are good Days".includes("Sun", 1);

// The invocation above will return: false

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Tip

• To find the index position of a substring within a string, use indexOf().
• You can also use includes() on an array.